Math Atlas

A series of textbooks for a reader working alone, from a first proof to the graduate qualifying exam in mathematics.

Each volume is a book of its own, with its own contents, search and exercises. A reference to another volume links straight to it, and hovering over the link shows the cited result without leaving the page.

Work in progress: these are drafts, rebuilt from the current branches, and chapters appear as they are written.

Reading order

Where to start, and what each volume needs.

F1LogicF2SetsF3Number systemsF4AlgebraLALinear algebraAN1Real analysisF1LogicF2SetsF3Number systemsF4AlgebraLALinear algebraAN1Real analysis

Start with F1 and read on to F2. Gate 0, the examination at the end of F2, Chapter 3, opens AN1. F3 builds N, Z, Q and R out of sets; AN1 does not need it, since it starts from the axioms that F3 proves for its R (dashed arrow). F3 leads on to F4, which collects the algebra (complex numbers, fields, groups, polynomials) that Linear Algebra uses.

Foundations

Proof, sets and numbers: what every later volume takes for granted, taught from the beginning.

  • F1

    Logic and Proof

    Logic as the grammar of proof, for a reader who has never been asked to write one: derivations, rule by rule, for the connectives and quantifiers; truth tables, soundness and completeness; and the way back from derivations to ordinary mathematical prose.

    8 of 8 chapters written · 50 sections

  • F2

    Sets, Relations, and Cardinality

    Sets and functions, relations and orders, induction and recursion, and the sizes of infinite sets, from diagonal arguments to the Schröder–Bernstein theorem. Chapter 3 ends with Gate 0, the examination to pass before analysis.

    3 of 4 chapters written · 19 sections

  • F3

    Number Systems: From N to R

    The number systems built out of sets: N from the ZF axioms, Z and Q as classes of pairs, divisibility and modular arithmetic, and finally R, constructed from Cauchy sequences of rationals and proved to be a complete ordered field.

    7 of 7 chapters written · 41 sections

  • F4

    Algebraic Preliminaries

    The algebra the later volumes take for granted: the complex numbers built on R, fields including Fp, groups and permutations with the sign, formal polynomials, and polynomials over a field from division with remainder to the fundamental theorem of algebra.

    5 of 5 chapters written · 28 sections

Analysis

Calculus made rigorous, then the analysis built on it: metric spaces, several variables, measure, Fourier and complex analysis.

  • AN1

    Analysis on the Real Line

    Analysis on the real line, from the axioms of a complete ordered field: sequences and series, limits and continuity, the derivative, the Riemann–Darboux integral and power series, each proved from the least upper bound axiom.

    1 of 11 chapters written · 7 sections

Linear Algebra

A companion series, written first and published on its own site; the volumes here cite it for facts about fields and matrices.

  • LA

    Linear Algebra

    Linear algebra for a reader working alone: vector spaces and linear maps, determinants and canonical forms, inner products and spectral theory, forms and tensors, and on to representations and numerical computation.

    26 chapters · 237 sections

    Mirrored here from its own site, linear-algebra.akizumifox.com, which holds the canonical copy.

The atlas

The plan behind the series, kept as data.

  • Map

    Dependency map

    Every planned volume and chapter, and which chapters each one depends on, as an interactive graph.